Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology and European Commission 25 April 2018, COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT Liability for emerging digital technologies Accompanying the document Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions Artificial intelligence for Europe

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This Commission Staff Working Document maps the civil liability challenges arising from emerging digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, and autonomous systems. It examines the adequacy of existing European Union safety rules and extra-contractual liability regimes, notably the strict liability framework under Council Directive 85/374/EEC (Product Liability Directive) alongside national fault-based and risk-based systems. The document identifies key questions for further assessment by an Expert Group regarding concepts of defect, producer, burden of proof, cybersecurity, and value-chain redress.AI