European Commission 14 April 2023, COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT on digital trade negotiations with the Republic of Korea and with Singapore Accompanying the document Recommendation fo a Council Decision authorising the opening of negotiations for digital trade disciplines with the Republic of Korea and with Singapore

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This European Commission Staff Working Document (SWD(2023) 85 final), dated 14 April 2023, accompanies the Commission's Recommendation for a Council Decision authorising the opening of negotiations with the Republic of Korea and Singapore for binding digital trade disciplines, building upon the non-binding Digital Partnerships and Digital Trade Principles concluded with each partner. The document contextualises the negotiations by analysing the growing economic significance of digital trade, cataloguing barriers thereto, and surveying the multilateral, regional, and bilateral digital trade rule frameworks developed by the EU, Singapore, and the Republic of Korea. The EU's proposed binding disciplines encompass cross-border data flows, personal data protection, customs duties on electronic transmissions, source code transfer restrictions, electronic contracts and authentication, online consumer trust, open government data, and related cooperation measures.AI