Court of Justice 10 April 2014, Joined Cases C-247/11 P and C-253/11 P: Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 10 April 2014  — Areva v Alstom SA, T&D Holding SA, formerly Areva T&D Holding SA, Alstom Grid SAS, formerly Areva T&D SA, Alstom Grid AG, formerly Areva T&D AG, European Commission (Appeals — Competition — Agreements, decisions and concerted practices — Market in gas insulated switchgear projects — Attributability of unlawful conduct of subsidiaries to their parent companies — Obligation to state reasons — Joint and several liability for payment of a fine — Concept of an ‘undertaking’  — ‘De facto’ joint and several liability — Principle of legal certainty and the principle that penalties must be specific to the offender and the offence — Principles of proportionality and equal treatment)

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