Court of Justice (Grand Chamber) 5 September 2012, C‑71/11 and C‑99/11 (Bundesrepublik Deutschland v Y and Z.)
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The Court's judgment addresses the interpretation of Articles 2(c) and 9(1)(a) of Directive 2004/83/EC concerning the qualification for refugee status based on persecution due to religious practices. It establishes that not all infringements on the right to freedom of religion amount to acts of persecution; only severe violations that significantly affect the individual may qualify. Additionally, the judgment emphasizes the need for an individual assessment of the applicant's circumstances to determine the genuine risk of persecution upon return to their country of origin.AI
European Union · · · Cited by 1,740 · 05-09-2012
JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (Grand Chamber) 5 September 2012 ( *1 ) ‛Directive 2004/83/EC — Minimum standards for determining who qualifies for refugee status or for subsidiary protection status — Article (2)(c) — Classification as a ‘refugee’ — Article 9(1) — Definition of ‘acts of persecution’ — Article 10(1)(b) — Religion as ground for persecution — Connection between the reasons for persecution and
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