General Court (Third Chamber, sitting with five Judges) 6 May 2026, T-185/24 (Novis Insurance Company, Novis Versicherungsgesellschaft, Novis Compagnia di Assicurazioni, Novis Poisťovňa a.s. v European Commission.)

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The General Court dismissed an action for annulment against a Commission decision refusing access to documents concerning an investigation into a breach of EU law under Article 17 of Regulation (EU) No 1094/2010. The Court held that such documents are covered by a general presumption of confidentiality under the third indent of Article 4(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001, which persists as long as the investigation or its follow-up measures have not become definitive. Furthermore, the Court found that the applicant failed to demonstrate an overriding public interest in disclosure, as the private interest in preparing a legal defense does not outweigh the protection of the purpose of investigations.AI