Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit July 30, 1991, Nos. 90-1112, 90-1203 to 90-1206, 90-1244, 90-1661 (Temple University v. White)

OPINION OF THE COURT

GARTH, Circuit Judge:

This set of six consolidated appeals arises from the challenges, raised by over 140 Pennsylvania hospitals, to the validity of Pennsylvania’s payment rates that the Commonwealth has set pursuant to its obligations under the Medicaid Program, Title XIX of the Social Security Act. 42 U.S.C.A. § 1396 et seq. (1983 & West Supp.1991).