Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit June 18, 2002, No. 00-50647 (United States v. Stapleton)

GRABER, Circuit Judge.

A jury convicted Defendant Stephen James Stapleton of several counts of mail fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1341, and several counts of wire fraud, 18 U.S.C. § 1343. On appeal, he challenges an instruction that permitted the jury to find him vicariously liable for acts of other participants in the fraudulent scheme of which he was a part. We affirm.

I.