Supreme Court of Virginia June 4, 2015, Record No. 141096. (Cosby v. Clem)

2 The record in this case indicates that a spinal cord stimulator is composed of an implanted pulse generator that sends electronic pulses to the spine via a connecting cable attached to an electrode placed in the spinal canal. The patient controls the strength of the impulses with a remote programmer.

3 The parties also disputed the force of the impact.