Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit June 24, 2016, 16-1609 (Martinez v. Cahue)

WOOD, Chief Judge.

For the first seven years of A.M.’s life, he lived in Illinois with his mother, Jaded Mahelet Ruvalcaba Martinez. A.M.’s father, Peter Valdez Cahue, lived nearby, although he and Martinez never married. They entered into a private arrangement, never formalized through a court order, for custody and visitation rights.